Free Online Public Schools for Connecticut Students

Connecticut offers resident students the opportunity to take online public school courses for free. Below is a list of no-cost online schools currently serving elementary and high school students in Connecticut. In order to qualify for the list, schools must meet the following qualifications: classes must be available completely online, they must offer services to state residents, and they must be funded by the government. Virtual schools listed may be charter schools, state-wide public programs, or private programs that receive government funding. List of Connecticut Online Charter Schools and Online Public Schools CT Virtual Learning Center (off-site link) About Online Charter Schools and Online Public Schools Many states now offer tuition-free online schools for resident students under a certain age (often 21). Most virtual schools are charter schools; they receive government funding and are run by a private organization. Online charter schools are subject to fewer restrictions than traditional schools. However, they are reviewed regularly and must continue to meet state standards. Some states also offer their own online public schools. These virtual programs generally operate from a state office or a school district. State-wide public school programs vary. Some online public schools offer a limited number of remedial or advanced courses not available in brick-and-mortar public school campuses. Others offer full online diploma programs. A few states choose to fund â€Å"seats† for students in private online schools. The number of available seats may be limited and students are usually asked to apply through their public school guidance counselor. (See also: 4 Types of Online High Schools). Choosing a Connecticut Online Public School When choosing an online public school, look for an established program that is regionally accredited and has a track record of success. Be wary of new schools that are disorganized, are unaccredited, or have been the subject of public scrutiny. For more suggestions on evaluating virtual schools see: How to Choose an Online High School.

The Effects Of Slavery On The United States - 1390 Words

Miah Archambault Over the development of the United States, one controversial issue disassociated the nation. Regions of the country formulated into two groups, in support of either the South or North. Prior to 1861, ethical issues regarding slavery transpired nation wide. The United States imported slaves from the Triangle trade. Over time, the common practice of slavery increased the economy s wealth and employed opportunities to expand to the Pacific Ocean. Slavery affected people to support two sides, either to be in support of slavery or want to abolish it. Strong opinions amassed, outrage and emphasis for the morality of slavery caused outbreaks of rebellions and violence. Tolerance for slavery was not the only singular cause of the Civil War. Profusions of both short and long term causes contributed to the outbreak of the Civil War. The introduction of slavery had an ingrained impact, as the Mexican-American War significantly lead to tension, and Lincoln’s election sparked disunion bet ween the nation. Four centuries ago from 1619 to 1861, the practice of slavery existed in the United States. Slavery began in 1619, in Jamestown, VA, for the cultivation of the cash crop tobacco. Adaptation to wealth and success lead to the demanded increase of slaves in the Southern states. The South possessed fertile soils, which they relied on for the cultivation of cotton, indigo, and rice to support their vast economy. Plantation owners owned slaves to carry out their farmingShow MoreRelatedThe Cause and Effect of Slavery in the United States1303 Words   |  6 Pagesor also as servants in houses. Slavery also had multiple physiological effects on the slaves due to the physical torture they went through. The slaves were punished by means such as whipping, or beating with a stick causing severe injuries. A slave named Charles Ball once said â€Å"I had at times serious thoughts of suicide so great was my anguish. If I could have got a rope I should have hanged myself at Lanchester†. This quote elaborates on the psychological effects caused by physical pain. The brutalRead MoreThe Issue Of Black Slavery906 Words   |  4 PagesThe issue of black slavery has been a thorny issue in the American society for so many years. The history of black slavery dates back to the time after the United States attained its independence and continued until just before the American civil war. Black slavery was made possible by the American constitution that made it legal for the white people to own black slaves. Slave trade ensured a constant supply of slaves from the African continent wit h the most affected part being West Africa. HenceRead MoreThe Secession Crisis Of 1860-18611637 Words   |  7 Pagesmany events had impacts on the United States that lead up to the secession crisis of 1860-1861. Slavery had great impacts on the country, such as the economic effect of the South overestimating its importance due to the prevalence of slave grown cotton. Westward expansion had the social effect of the citizens of territories wanting statehood to get into arguments and civil wars due to popular sovereignty. States rights had the political effect of the southern states believing that since they agreedRead MoreWomen, Liberty And The Pursuit Of Happiness Essay1197 Words   |  5 PagesToday the conquest for racial equality and reform still remains a prevalent issue in the United States. Authors like Alexis De Tocqueville, W.E.B DuBois, and Frederick Harris albeit from different time periods believed democratic reforms failed to eliminate the ‘tyranny of the white m ajority’ and the United States has continued to provide evidence to confirm that belief. For most of the 19th century slavery was established a backbone that kept the southern farming economy stable. Democracy in AmericaRead MoreThe War Between The United States944 Words   |  4 Pagesthe States The Road of the United States in becoming a truly united nation has not been a path without turmoil. Many lives were laid down to form the structure of this country and fought for its right to freedom. One of the bloodiest conflicts in the United States’ history was the war between states or more commonly referred as the Civil War. This war leads to much unnecessary violence ridden battles that were precluded by many cases. The Civil War had many profound effects on how the United StatesRead MoreThe Road Of The United States937 Words   |  4 PagesRoad of the United States in becoming a truly united nation has not been a path without turmoil. Many lives were laid down to form the structure of this country and fought for its right to freedom. One of the bloodiest conflicts in the United States’ history was the war between states or more commonly referred as the Civil War. This war leads to much unnecessary violence ridden battles that were preluded by many causes. The Civil War had many profound effects on how the United States ran as a countryRead MoreCivil War1284 Words   |  6 Pagespaper discusses the problems faced by Abraham Lincoln and Jefferson Davis that contributed to civil war in their respective states. It analyses the contribution of each person in the American civil war. The achievements of both commanders will also be discussed together with their weaknesses. Introduction A civil war involves the conflict between different groups in the same state. The main objectives of the civil war are the intention of one group to exercise control over the other group or to needRead MoreThe Debate Of The Missouri Compromise1613 Words   |  7 Pagesbeginning of the long battle against slavery. In the years leading up to the Missouri compromise tensions were rising between the North and the South. The states were all being divided into slave states and free states. Free states were states that were anti-slavery and were made up of mainly Northern states while slave states were states that supported slavery and were all mostly Southern states. Before the Missouri compromise the amounts of slave and free states were kept balanced. When Missouri metRead MoreSlavery During The Civil War1707 Words   |  7 Pagesthe North grew. Slavery was vital to the economic well-being of the South, and when the North began to question the â€Å"peculiar institution† of the South the wall of civility between the two sectionalized areas began to crumble. Due to the growing issue of slavery in the 1850s, the United States of America was in a state of total disarray and turmoil. The tension that had always existed between the North and South over the matter of slavery was no longer ignorable. As the United States expanded to theRead MoreEssay on American Slavery967 Words   |  4 PagesConstitution of the United States was first created in 1787, to create a structure and establish the responsibilities of the American government. The goals of its drafters were to protect the inherent rights of citizens of the United States of America, establish a Government run by the people, and separate the government’s powers between three different branches (Executive, Legislative and Judicial). By accomplishing the goals of the Constitution, its drafters unified the people of the United States and created

Software Development Outsourcing Free Essays

Outsourcing is an arrangement in which one company provides services for another company that could also be or usually have been provided in-house. Nowadays, outsourcing is a trend in a competitive software development and it is expanding all over the world. Software development is very much suitable for the better working of a company. We will write a custom essay sample on Software Development Outsourcing or any similar topic only for you Order Now This means that another company is hired to do the task of software development. Outsourcing the software development projects can be advantageous, but sometimes if it is incorrectly executed, it can result to unusable projects. In this article, let’s see some of its advantages and disadvantages. The advantages of Software Development Outsourcing: Cost efficiency – companies don’t have to worry about buying expensive software and hardware. Software development technology indulge it. Lower Training cost – it is very expensive thing to give trainings to the new employees. Normally, three or more days are consumed. So, by hiring services from a software outsourcing company, the time and efforts are saved. Time – due to strict time line of some software projects, it is become required to outsource a component of software development projects in order to meet the time demand of the projects. Software companies take credit of immediate pool of skilled developers. Skills – in a situation like software companies outsource, sometimes need a skilled personnel for software development technologies. The disadvantages of Software Development Outsourcing: Disappointment – companies can produce code of a poor quality. It involves here who will be the responsible for maintaining the code or project. Need of Constant Management – one of the main reason why projects fail because there is no good manager. A leader who is in constant communication to the clients and also understands the needs or requirements of the clients. Testing is more difficult – generally, testing phase is the most difficult stage in system’s development life cycle. You will undergo more testing cases. If you test a piece of software that was developed in an offshore in-house and find a problem, so there’s a need to communicate to the offshore vendor. This could cause problems because the offshore vendor might not be able to propagate the problem. It could possibly easy to fix the problem if they could see the machine. Or maybe the problem is not properly communicated. These are the different advantages and disadvantages of software development outsourcing. How to cite Software Development Outsourcing, Papers

Compare Theodore Roosevelts free essay sample

Though Wilson seemed to have many more acts In ACH category, mostly economic), he only acknowledged these few areas, unlike Roosevelt who acknowledged a whole array of areas such as labor, economy, politics, consumer protection, and environmental conservation. The Progressive Era was the time period after the depression of the sass and before World War l. During this time the united States was going through a period of social change and political tumult.The American Society embarked on a Journey of many reforms as a response to the diverse tensions and pressures presented by industrialization, urban growth, and ethnic tension. The roots of this reform clearly lay in the depression of the sass (1893 to 1897). The depression traumatized the problems in society, and raised the possibility of more violent upheavals if reform was not Instituted. Major areas needing reform were poor public facilities, tax favoritism, corruption, environmental reform, and urban reform.This was a period of self-examination and renewal; it was a healthful contribution to the nations history books. Even if the new regulatory agencies direct primaries, municipal reforms and conservation legislations may not have made all wrong things right, they were able o make some significant change for the better. These new laws and commissions act had alleviated many citizens and had established the principle of governments responsibility for the general welfare of the various elements of the social order.The progressive era was a further demonstration of the United States success with democratic capitalism; It showed the societys ability to change itself for the better without a revolution. The most important legacy of the progressive era was the example it set for gradual measured reform. (Gould, 1-10) During the Progressive Era, there were two prominent Progressive Presidents each tit his own policy for progression out of the nasty and crude elements that plagued politics, the economy, and society in general. Theodore Roosevelt was the first Progressive President; he was renowned for being a strong president with a strong personality.He was outraged at the Injustices experienced as a small business oppressed by a big business, or a worker by a boss, or the forests by the Industrial greed of this era. Roosevelt was sympathetic for the individual who suffered the 1 OFF sympathetic for those without the opportunity to speak up for their rights, but rather is love for Justice was what fueled him more. He sought to reform these problems under his policy known as the Square Deal. The purpose of the Square Deal was expressed in this statement of his the labor unions shall a square deal, and the corporations shall have a square deal. Essentially he meant that there should be equality of opportunity, and Justice to each individual, or corporation despite their background, status or size. The second major Progressive President was Woodrow Wilson. He wasnt known for a very strong personality rather he was renowned for his strong sense of conviction. Wilson believed that national identity and character branched out from the liberty of petty capitalists to release their energies and develop the economy. He felt the emergence of these new monopolistic style trusts were endangering this process by cutting of entire industries to newcomers.He also felt that members of certain big businesses and certain unidentified political bosses had formed a small oligarchic alliance; this small group of men controlled the government and the economy, while the true freedom began to slide away. Thus his policy was known as New Freedom. Under the New Freedom he sought to store power to competition among small corporations rather that regulate large monopolies. Roosevelt Square Deal and Willows New Freedom were policies that they used to help improve American economy, society and politics.However Roosevelt tried to reform many areas, Willows focus of reform was mostly economic. (Gould, 97-100) (Staunchness, 62,81 16, 127) (Whitehall, 162) A major part of both policies was the breaking up and regulating of trusts. Roosevelt never wanted to dissolve or destroy the large corporations rather he saw them as necessary parts of American life. However he felt that these companies must be mounded tightly to strict moral standards. Roosevelt followed the idea of rules of reason which was the policy of busting bad trusts, leaving good ones alone. He was the person who would decide which trusts were good and which ones were bad. He earned the name of trustees when he had filed a suit against the Northern Securities Company (which was followed by 43 other cases). This was Roosevelt first case, in which he filed a suit against a large corporation for the purpose of trust busting. The Northern Securities Company was a large holding company that was formed by railroad and banking interests. In 1902 Roosevelt trust busted them by claiming that they violated the Sherman Anti-Trust Act in holding money against the public good, thus the court ruled to dissolve the company.In two later cases he also attacked the Standard Oil of New Jersey and the American Tobacco Company. He left many of the larger companies that were serving the public good alone, but he had dissolved many other large companies that were monopolistic and never really served the interest of American well being or economy. In 1903 he persuaded Congress to form a Department of Commerce and Labor. Along with a Bureau of Commerce, which loud investigate and regulate business practices. In the 1905 case of Swift vs.. U. S. The Interstate Commerce Act of 1887 was further strengthened under Roosevelt. He wanted to strengthen it because he wanted to make railroad legislature stronger, especially for the farmers who were at the mercy of railroad middlemen. Thus he wanted to strengthen the Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC). Under the Oilskins Act (1903) he was able to make rebates illegal. Under the Hepburn Act (1906) the ICC was given the power to inspect books, fix maximum rates, disallow free passes to legislators, put burden of proof on business instead of ICC, and allow coagulation of pipelines. Wilson felt that he stood for regulated competition while Roosevelt stood for regulated monopoly. The Federal Trade Commission Act, which as instituted to promote free and fair trade competition created the Federal Trade Commission. It investigated economically unfair business practices and it regulated and attempted to rectify these practices. The commission regularly generated statistics of economic and business conditions, and offered them to the public. Another Major step towards trust busting under Wilson was the Clayton Antitrust Act. The Clayton Antitrust Act was designed to clarify the Sherman antitrust Act in terms of new economic issues that had arisen in this new era.The practices such as local price-cutting and price discrimination were made illegal. Both Wilson and Roosevelt attempted reform of he corporations, however Wilson attempted to totally break up large trust, while Roosevelt felt they were necessary if they had and special benefits towards society. (Gould, 97-100)(Conclusions, 62,81 , 1 16, The Square Deal and New Freedom also addressed the issue of taxes and tariffs, with a keen interest in better outcomes for the average person rather than the wealthy en. During Roosevelt Presidency the tariffs were generally high. Under Wilson a prominent tariff was the Underworld-Simmons Tariff, which reduced the previous tariffs to about 29 percent. It also included a graduated income tax, which later was made legal via the constitution as the sixteenth amendment, this made up for monetary loss. Wilson, noticed that it followed his principle of New Freedom, thus he heavily advocated it. The Supreme Court originally declared the income tax, as unconstitutional, however it was later ratified as the Sixteenth Amendment. This new rower was first used in the Tariff Act of 1913, which had set the tax of corporate income at 1 percent.It also levied a 1 percent tax on all rich families. The Income tax has been greatly increased, as the tariffs have been lowered. The tariff and tax reform was greater during Willows Presidency than Roosevelt Presidency. (Gould, 97-100) (Staunchness, 62,81 16, 127) (Whitehall, 162) One of the most notorious aspects of the Industrial Revolution was the increasingly worsening condition for laborers within the work place, and also deprivation of certain rights (fair wages and work hours). During the Roosevelt Presidency a major labor relation movement was the 1902 Coal strike.The strike was led by John Mitchell led 140, 000 out on strike for 20 percent pay raise, 8 hour day, and union recognition. Roosevelt decided that he would arbitrate the dispute, the workers agreed to this, however the owners did not. Roosevelt finally threatened to use the military and take over the mines, and the owners finally agreed to let Roosevelt arbitrate. In March of 1903 Roosevelt made a settlement, the workers and owners agreed on a 9-hour day, a 10 percent raise, but no union recognition. However these coal companies were also encouraged to raise the prices to compensate for the costs of raises.This was the first time that the federal government didnt arbitrate on the side of management; rather it treated both sides as equals. Labor reform was also a part of the New Freedom Policy. The Keating-Owen Act of 1916 (inspired by The Bitter Cry of Children by John Sparks) prohibited the interstate transportation of products made by children (attempting to induce the practice of keeping kids under 14 out of the labor force). Though law was never passed it showed growing recognition for the need of hill labor laws and regulation.

Philosophy of social science an Example of the Topic Psychology Essays by

Philosophy of social science In the advent of the booming scientific pursuits, there lies what I would call the "gray" areas. These are the arena where constant debates are still on-going. There are the matters where whether or not science could really address the problems of humanity. There also remains the question if whether or not science had caused technology or technology is just another aspect of science. Numerous questions could still be raised concerning science and these questions are usually addressed or discussed in a normal class of philosophy of science. The main aspect that would be raised in this paper is whether or not social science as a branch of science should really stick to the empirical and rational foundationalism that they adhere to or should social science recognize another methodology that would not lead it to becoming a dead-end pseudoscience that others deem it to be. Need essay sample on "Philosophy of social science" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed There are three branches of science, the first and well-known science is the natural science which deals with the physical world, the second is the behavioral science that deals with the behavioral aspect of things that could be found in the world, and lastly the social science. It could be inferred that the natural science would be the spider where the webs could be attributed to its concrete laws and theories as foundations for its studies. The bees could then be the behavioral science where its behavior is a way of telling the concrete interactions that happen in the natural world. The ants could then be attributed as the social science where its behavior could be seen as the interaction among the sociocultural aspect of man as a whole. Our Customers Frequently Tell EssayLab support: I'm don't want to write my paper. Because I don't have the time Specialists suggest: Buy Well-Done Papers Here Social science has a long way to go. It seems that it also has branches of its own, namely anthropology, economics, political science, sociology, and social psychology. It was said that social science is a mixture of the humanities where scientific studies are done in order to address the sociocultural perspective and/or aspect of man (Social science). It would be deduced that most of the skepticism towards this branch is the authenticity that it has concerning it being a branch of science. There are two research methods that the social sciences use. The qualitative research is where the connection between the data and the behavior that people has towards a thing is studied whereas quantitative research could answer that which is empirical in nature. It would seem then that the quantitative research is more inclined into the empirical foundations that it has and the qualitative research would be more inclined to the rational foundations. What could be inferred from this is that social science has a tendency to see itself as a science since it could still pertain to the researches that the natural sciences use. It could be seen that the empirical foundations that the social science tries to use could not help further their studies that is needed but it has become a hindrance for it to fully develop. The empirical and concrete laws and theories about humankind could not be generalized nor would becoming statistically and mathematically correct a way to salvage the science in social science (Flyvbjerg). Some people would usually cling to these believes thinking that as a branch of science they have the better advantage to those that belong to the humanities. In this aspect, they cling to what is scientific in order to have the authority that was given to them as a science. This recognition is yet to be revealed by those belonging to the social sciences especially when some usually turn a blind eye to the clamoring assessments that others had done concerning the arena in mention. It was said that the more social scientists try to do studies like the natural sciences, the more they have not further the developments needed for the branch to progress. It was said that the social science could not have the concrete and predictive results that the natural sciences have especially when the concerns of social science is on the concerns of the social strata that man belongs to. The main difference is that the natural world and its phenomena are different from man and his or her phenomena. This recognition could only mean that the empirical foundationalism that the social sciences are banking on could not work naturally in the area of concern that it takes up. Making a concrete and universal theory could not work for the social scientists since it would mean that man at this point has become a stagnant entity. The dynamics that is in man could not be generalized into a prejudged theory especially when social aspects could be stretched in countless ways. What could then be empirical in this aspect is that the what, where, and when that man could provide but other than that there is no more. What should be seen here is that after this mentality is scraped, one should then see that the rational foundationalism that the social scientists use could be incorporated in what the empirical foundationalism lacks. In Kant's philosophy, an attempted merging of rationalism and empiricism was used as a way to address the growing steam that the two parties have. The qualitative methods that the social scientists use tends to focus on the smaller areas that encompass man's society but this would be the beginning of what could be used as the "ideal" methods that the social scientists use. It was said that the best recourse for social science is for it to generally scrap the idea that the patterns in the natural sciences could be used in the studies. Instead it would appear that that the best way to do it is to create a methodology that would focus more on what is important for the subject-matter. The aspects in the social arena that man belongs makes it hard and diverse but what was proposed by Flyvbjerg is that the social science that matters could make do with the phronetic method and not the epistemic method that mimics the methods in the natural sciences. This phronetic method then would have to start by finding what really matters in society and the after carefully evaluating it, the feedbacks from the people concerned could used to further the research. It would then have to involve the combination of the empirical and the rational. References Social science. (n.d.). Britannica Concise Encyclopedia. Retrieved August 08, 2007, from Answers.com Web site: http://www.answers.com/topic/social-sciences Flyvbjerg, B. Social Science That Matters [Electronic Version]. Foresight Europe, 38-42. Retrieved August 8, 2007 from http://flyvbjerg.plan.aau.dk/Publications2006/ForesightNo2PRINT.pdf

Plastic Surgery Essay

Plastic Surgery Essay Free Online Research Papers The desire to appear more attractive is universal, its permeating throughout history and in all parts of the world. Both men and women have gone through great lengths to try and meet the standards set by their societys and cultures. Plastic cosmetic surgery, as a form of beautification, has been around for thousands of years, but only in the past century have people taken such drastic steps to change their body. Although the desire for beauty is universal, what is considered beautiful is not; it depends on the culture and society that one is from. In an attempt to become happier and more attractive, many people are turning to cosmetic plastic surgery, and the different genders and age groups all have their reasons for resorting to surgery. With the pressure to conform to our societies standards of beauty from the media; and TV shows that glorify plastic surgery and put a new person under the knife each week, it is no wonder that the number of plastic cosmetic surgerys carried ou t is on the rise. In fact, cosmetic plastic surgery has quickly become the most common type of surgical procedure to be carried out. In some cases, cosmetic plastic surgery can have a positive impact in someones life, but for far too many cosmetic surgery patients things dont go as smoothly as hoped. Botched procedures, dangerous methods, and unqualified surgeons can lead to a potentially disastrous and even life-threatening experience. For these reasons, there should be an age restriction of 18 and older on anyone having cosmetic plastic surgery. Despite the obvious shortcomings of plastic surgery such as blood clotting, undesirable results, and dry eyes, there are a few positive things to be said about cosmetic plastic surgery. Cosmetic plastic surgery is typically defined as a surgical procedure which corrects or reshapes imperfections of the body which are otherwise normal structures. It is usually carried out to enhance a patients self-belief or confidence. Some plastic procedures such as rhinoplasty(nose jobs), liposuction, and botox are seemingly unbeneficial and superficial; however, there are some procedures which will improve the quality of someones life. Ptosis and cleft palates are two good examples of cosmetic plastic surgical procedures that can improve someones mood and quality of life. Ptosis is a result of elongated eyelid muscles, a result passed on at birth by genetics or also less commonly a result of aging. The lowered lid may cause vision loss, children with such a disfigurement may be teased and be uncomfortable with the asymmetry of their face. For the same reasons, a patient may have an improved quality of life from the removal of a cleft palate. For someone struggling with depression because of the way, they look plastic surgery may be the easiest and perhaps best answer. However, before someone decides to go through with it they should be well aware of the risks and possible consequences that they are taking on. For someone to do that they need to be responsible and informed and should not be allowed to make such a decision until they are at least 18. Early attempts at cosmetic plastic surgery procedures where the reconstruction of earlobes and noses with skin grafts from the cheek and forehead have been recorded as early as 800 Bc in India and other middle eastern countrys. Progress in cosmetic plastic surgery, like advancements in other medical fields, moved at a glacial speed until the nineteenth century, when the first cleft palate operation was invented in 1827 by Dr. John Peters. After that, there was little improvement made until World War One. War played a huge role in the history of cosmetic surgery. It presented physicians with thousands of severe facial wounds, burns, and disfigurements from battle and modern weapons caused types and severity of injuries that were unprecedented in the history of plastic surgery. Some of the greatest medical talents devoted themselves fully to both exploring the history and the potential of advancement in plastic surgery at this time. In cosmetic plastic surgerys earliest stages, i t was used primarily to fix birth problems or disfigurements from injury; however, the cosmetic plastic surgery industry would soon turn into a money-making machine, promoting unnecessary and hazardous procedures by uneducated and incompetent practitioners and those seeking plastic surgery in this modern day must be wary, well informed and at an appropriate age before undergoing a procedure. In 2003, teenagers 18 years old and younger represented 4 percent of those receiving cosmetic plastic surgery. Although the percentage may seem small, it represents over 330 000 school-aged youths who had some kind of cosmetic surgery or procedure carried out on themselves. (ASPS) There are many reasons for children this age to consider having plastic surgery, but little to be gained from rushing into it. Children who consider undergoing cosmetic plastic surgery were often bullied and picked on in school. The media of course also has an impact on the decisions of the children. It is almost impossible to go out into the world without being bombarded by advertisements on the tv, in magazines, movies, and books. They all glorify beautiful people, who are often airbrushed and not even as good looking as they appear in the ads, but it gives children an unrealistic idea of what they should or could look like. Kat is a 17-year-old first year student at Northeastern University who has seriously been considering breast implants for the past year. Kat is 59 and wears an A-cup bra size. she feels that implants would make her body more proportional. It would boost my personal self-image and self-esteem a lot, said Kat. Even though I know its something socialI would feel so much better if I had boobs. Kat said that both male and female friends of hers had teased her about her small chest, and that is one of the main reasons for thinking about breast implants. Kat is not alone as a young adolescent looking for a quick fix and an easy way to fit in, but hopefully, she waits until shes older and mature enough to properly weigh the benefits and consequences before reaching a decision. Many people may be surprised to find out that in the past ten years the number of cosmetic plastic surgical procedures carried out each year has gone from 333 000 in 1993 to 10 000 000 in 2003, a massive increase. However, when a look at the media is taken, those numbers are a little less surprising. Prior to 1993 reality tv barely existed and there were definitely no shows where cosmetic plastic surgery was involved. Now there are over 7 shows currently run on mainstream television channels that glorify cosmetic plastic surgery. The shows include Nip Tuck, Extreme Makeover, The Swan, I Want a Famous Face, Plastic Surgery: Before and After, and Miami Slice. In Nip Tuck, two cosmetic plastic surgeons, Dr. Sean Mcnamara, and Dr. Christian Troy search for perfection. They tell beautiful people that they have flaws and then perform cosmetic plastic surgery on them. I dont want to be pretty, I want to be perfect.(p.) There is even a website where normal people can send in a photog raph of themselves to be told what their flaws are and what can be done to improve their facial features. With shows like this, it is no wonder that children and young teenagers would be considering plastic surgery. Whereas Nip Tuck takes perfectly good looking people and looks to improve them, another show called Extreme Makeover takes a different approach. A team of cosmetic plastic surgeons picks 3 different ordinary people unhappy with their looks for major makeovers. They do multiple procedures on each person putting them in danger and in excruciating pain while they recover. Unfortunately shows like these have become excepted as the norm by society and no one questions the integrity and the commercialization of the surgeons partaking in the procedures. A recent study by the ASPS showed that 4 in 5 people surveyed who underwent a cosmetic plastic surgical procedure were influenced by reality TV and over half intensively watched such shows as Nip Tuck and Extreme Makeover . It is unfortunate that patients are turning toward the entertainment industry for educational information. We had hoped for different results. These shows may create unrealistic, unhealthy expectations about what [cosmetic plastic] surgery can do. Although its called reality TV, it may not be [reality].(ASPS) North Americans spend more than 12 000 000 000 annually on cosmetic plastic surgery, a number that has been continuing to rise year by year.(p.1) Most patients have tended to fare well, but the rate of serious and even fatal complications are also on the rise, and the risks to future patients growing. If cosmetic plastic surgeons all had their patients well being and health as their first interest there would be little problem with cosmetic plastic surgery. Unfortunately this is not the case. With the media and reality TV already convincing consumers that they need to be better looking to be happy and to fit in, it takes little effort on the part of a cosmetic plastic surgeon to bring in a patient, but millions are spent each year on advertising by cosmetic plastic surgeons as the surgeons try to make more money. Money, like in any industry has become a driving factor in the reason for medical practitioners to do cosmetic plastic surgical procedures; in fact, many of the operati ons carried out each year are done by completely unqualified individuals, people looking to benefit from the insecurities of the everyday person. Each year increasing numbers of physicians from virtually every segment of medicine as well as nonphysicians and nonmedical practitioners offer cosmetic procedures. Some have simple training in related fields and some have none at all. Even worse, many doctors approach the field of cosmetic plastic surgery as entrepreneurs instead of medical professionals. This leaves real-life cosmetic medical patients to fend or themselves, sometimes with tragic results. As the numbers of cosmetic plastic surgerys increase so do the numbers of surgical procedures that have gone horribly wrong. While the demand for cosmetic plastic surgeons rises there are physicians untrained or unskilled in that field that are performing surgeries. In the darkness of early Florid morning, a cab driver witnessed a terrifying sight. Collapsed on the sidewalk near a plastic surgery clinic was a young woman, covered in blood and wrapped in intravenous tubing and monitor wires. She woke in the clinic gasping for breath, but there was no one to help so she dragged herself onto the street and passed out until the unsuspecting cab driver noticed and called the police. (p.99) Despite advances in medicine that have greatly improved patient safety, too many purveyors of cosmetic plastic surgery for too long a time without regard for established standards of care. In Florida, mortalities after cosmetic surgery caught the attention of reporters from the sun sentinel, who l aunched a lengthy investigation. The reporters examined thousands of files and found that dozens of deaths had occurred as a result of poorly performed cosmetic plastic surgical procedures. After a breast implant operation, a patient, Eliza was in constant pain due to a gaping hole inside her left breast. The plastic surgeon operating on her was unqualified and unskilled and nearly killed Eliza.(p.) Plastic surgeon, Dr. Darryl Hodgkinsons says he spends nearly 70% of his time operating on patients who are dissatisfied with previous cosmetic surgery, and most often an unskilled surgeon is to blame. It is often assumed that cosmetic plastic surgery is less risky and easier to perform than other surgeries, but this is definitely not the case. While some patients have undergone plastic surgery because of bullying or because of a physical abnormality that is bothering them, the vast majority undergo cosmetic plastic surgery in an attempt to satisfy societys standards of beauty and the different ages groups and genders all have their different definitions of beauty. The main reason some people undergo plastic surgery is to counter the effects aging has had on their appearance. Some procedures people undergo to achieve this are botox, blepharoplasty, brow lifts, face lifts, and liposuction. While some patients are undergoing cosmetic plastic surgery to counter aging effects, younger generations have completely different reasons. Thanks to the media many people look to cosmetic plastic surgery to slim down by using liposuction and breast implants, to get that perfect look that so many celebrities have. There is perhaps a better approach to people unhappy with their looks. One has to question whether it is possible to con form to societies standards of beauty and whether or not having cosmetic plastic surgery will truly make one happier. These are questions a patient of cosmetic plastic surgery must ask themselves, and the patient should be old enough and mature enough to understand and find the answer. While the desire to beautify oneself is understandable, it is often better to try and look past physical appearances, both of oneself and of others. Both men and women of all ages and backgrounds have all gone through great lengths to change their looks, but only recently has it become an epidemic. Thanks to the media and reality TV shows that put a new person under the knife each week, people have been rushing out the door to have cosmetic plastic surgery. Although in some few cases cosmetic plastic surgery can be beneficial to an individual in most cases it is an unnecessary risk. Botched procedures, unskilled surgeons and dangerous methods can lead to a disastrous and potentially life-threatening experience. With all of the risks involved in cosmetic plastic surgery, there should be an age restriction that will not allow anyone under the age of 18 to undergo cosmetic plastic surgery. Research Papers on Plastic Surgery EssayImpact of Breast CancerMRSA Staph BacteriaSexually Transmitted DiseasesIs the Use of Psychotropic Drugs in the Treatment ofFeline Diabetes MelitusSociology is a ScienceNature Of Logic And Perception EssayThe Fifth HorsemanCash or Card?Genetic Engineering

Digital electronics logic gates Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Digital electronics logic gates - Lab Report Example The same gates were again used to setup circuits that performed the 1’s and 2’ complements of a 4-bit binary. The first experiment required that we find, from the manufacturer’s data sheet, the pin configuration or connection diagram for the 7402 and 7400 quad 2-inputs NOR and 2- inputs NAND gates ICs respectively, and then apply Vcc and ground to the correct pins. We found out that the ground is applied in pin7 and Vcc in pin 14. We then went ahead and setup the circuit as indicated in Figure 1 and Figure 2. Figure 1 is a NAND gate and thus the IC we chose to use is the 7400 IC; on the other hand, Figure is a NOR gate and thus the 7402 IC was used (Kumar 689). After connecting the input to a 0 and a 1, we recorded each output and produced the truth tables indicated below, Table 1 and Table 2. Given these circuit configurations only had one input and one output, the circuits implemented produced the following truth

Case study Preadmission and admission phase Essay

Case study Preadmission and admission phase - Essay Example Firstly, pre-admission observations, procedure, and discharge plans were prepared and an informed consent obtained from the patient. As the patient was unable to read clearly, a signed consent was obtained from his son. Glimartin and Wright’s (2007) review asserts the significance of nurses in day surgery activities related to pre-admission assessment, providing information and managing anxiety; communication, pain management, wound infection, nausea and other nursing care (cited by Timmins and McCabe, 2009). Pre-assessment began with assessment of hypertension, eyes, vital signs and general fitness of the patient a week prior to surgery. As per the hospital policy, the patient was given instructions regarding admission time and fasting time on the previous day through phone call. As per doctor’s advice, the patient was asked to continue with his BP medication. At pre-admission, the eyes were tested in a dilated stage to rule out possibilities of other eye severities such as retinitis. As this procedure required small incision, anesthetist spoke to the patient regarding general anesthesia meant for the procedure considering his age and hypertension. Before that, patient’s vital signs including blood pressure and blood sugar were tested, which were found to be in the normal range. Also, a full blood count, chest X-ray and ECG were normal, and previous medical reports were thoroughly checked and verified with current findings. Considering his age, other commonly found medical problems such as diabetes, heart diseases, etc were ruled out. Every clinical procedure should be of high quality and highly effective, which should be practiced in a patient-centered way in partnership with both patient and family (Timmins & McCabe, 2009; p.40). Considering history of hypertension and the patient’s age, the entire procedure was conducted with constant monitoring of the pulse, BP,

IRIS module Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

IRIS module - Essay Example As the principal, she is held accountable for the outcome; an issue that seems to have confused her, she doesn’t know where to begin. The results have created trouble for the institution as could be read from Ms. Flores statement. Examination or test scores that are used to determine sanctions or punishment in general, accolades, graduation or promotion for students and compensations best describe what high stakes are. According to Ms. Flores, the tests were meant to be used in determining the best school at the district level and grading for students. It was an important decision; knowing the best school in terms of academic performance and accountability for the school administrators. The test was also to be used for promoting students to the next level; that is indicated when she categorically stated that students with disabilities are going to be left behind. These are the reasons why she (Ms. Flores) describes the testing as high stakes. High-stakes testing are relevant to both general students and students with disabilities. However, knowing the weakness in a student with a disability may be difficult compared to general students (students without disabilities). The test will enable the teachers to know the weakness in the students and come up with appropriate solution to help them improve. The test helps in measuring how well the students with disabilities learn; therefore can be used to strengthen and improve overall academic standard of the institutions. It is the responsibility of every teacher to ensure that the student get the required knowledge in the classroom. In this case, the teacher is responsible for the students’ performance since he/she is authorized to give the knowledge. The process of giving the knowledge to the student is done through following the accepted professional standards that meet the demand of accountability. The teachers

A Purposeless Pilgrimage: The Canterbury Tales

A Purposeless Pilgrimage: The Canterbury Tales The Canterbury Tales is a collection of stories told by the characters within the story, written by Geoffrey Chaucer. He wrote with a strong opinion which he uses to make a blatant statement about the Roman Catholic Church. His opinion is that people within the church, including the leaders can be living hypocritical lives. It reflects the idea that the characters in The Canterbury Tales were on a purposeless, spiritually meaningless pilgrimage. This piece directly addressed the religious issues of the common Englishman. Chaucer was not the only one to shine light on the religious hypocrisy, but he allowed even those of lower standing to become knowledgeable with the publishing of The Canterbury Tales. The most interesting development of Chaucers idea is that history agreed with his desire for change in the church. The Canterbury Tales altered the standing of the Roman Catholic Church by expressing to the common man that corruption existed within the commonly accepted church. Chaucer created The Canterbury Tales, a story of a pilgrimage to Canterbury Cathedral in which each of the characters tell tales with morals. Chaucer began the prologue from the perspective of the main character. The nameless character was on his way to Canterbury Cathedral when he crossed paths with a large group headed in the same direction. He joined their group of twenty-nine, and he enlightened the reader to the appearances and personalities of his new acquaintances (Eds, 95. 19-27). Chaucer reached a new crowd with The Canterbury Tales in the way that common people could relate. Each character had a career, spouse and family; ambitions, motives, and a reputation. Although Chaucer never completed his initial plans for The Canterbury Tales, he wrote the prologue and twenty-four tales (Eds 90). Prentice Hall Literature claims, regardless of the technically incomplete work, the tales, stand together as a complete work, (90). This poem used the pilgrims and their stories to further the underlining message. The Canterbury Tales is a literary work which showed the prominence of religion in Chaucers time. At this time in England, Catholicism was the most predominant form of Christianity. Church leaders held great strength; their influence was remarkable. Singman and McClean venture so far as to say, Being a part of medieval England was in fact the same as being part of the church. All Christians in Western Europe were subject to the spiritual authority of the Pope (the Catholic Church was the only officially accepted church in Western Europe, although there were other churches elsewhere,) (26). Another large religious influence was the encouragement of monasticism. KÃ ¼ng wrote, In the officious church ideal view, the medieval world was a world dominated by priests, nuns, monks, and their ideal of continence, (105). Church, spirituality, and religion were fairly large aspects of the England before The Canterbury Tales. The Canterbury Tales altered the standing of the Roman Catholic Church. Hidden truths can be found through the characters and the tales of the pilgrims. Despite the fact that The Canterbury Tales is fiction, these people represented Englishmen of this time. Chaucer explained to the readers who they are and where they have come from. Many times he described with honorable qualities, yet the unfortunate, shameful qualities outweighed the positive. Anthony of Taize said, Chaucer, no doubt, more or less realized that he was better equipped to represent fallen nature than effective grace. That would help explain why critics use the word idealized to qualify Parson and Ploughman portraits. Still, he certainly knew a thing or two about the possible alternatives to the primrose path. The church could no longer be viewed the same due to the truths of the pilgrims. To note the troubled motives of the pilgrimage, Chaucer used examples of people who were expected to understand the significance of the pilgrimage. The Nun or Prioress was the first notable character. She earned the position of aristocracy and was a very refined and cultured woman. This nun, Madam Eglantyne was said to be greatly sentimental and kind, as well as wearing a bracelet with prayer beads and singing a daily prayer (122-166). Interestingly, she made her religious act of prayer very public; often times that is not necessary. In Matthew 6:5 it says, And when you pray, do not be like the hypocrites, for they love to pray standing in the synagogues and on the street corners to be seen by men. I tell you the truth, they have received their reward in full, (The Treasure Study Bible 1324). Verse six and seven continue on to say prayer should often be private and personal. Although praying in public is not wrong, the motives of the Nun are questionable. Her prayers seem to have bee n simply out of duty. Swisher claims, [The] Prioress is more worldly than religious, (39). She gave the appearance of being spiritual, yet she does seem to be more concerned with etiquette. Her focus may have been on proper living and etiquette, but the Nun certainly would not be considered corrupt in comparison to her fellow spiritual aristocrats, the Monk and the Friar. Regarding the Monk, Chaucer wrote, The Rule of St. Benet or St. Maur/ As old and strict he tended to ignore; /He let go by the things of yesterday/ And took the moderns worlds more spacious way, (177-180). This monk certainly did not have the desire to oppose the ways of the world. He enjoyed food, and hunting and he spared no expense, (196). The Monk presented the disappointing reality of the devout religious figures. In The Canterbury Tales, Chaucer allowed the reader to know the Friar is a man who should not be trusted. The Friar, named Hubert, was an openly religious man (279). He was a member of all four of the monastic orders, yet he lived simply the way he wanted. Chaucer wrote, For he was qualified to hear confessions, / Or so he said, with more than priestly scope; / He had a special license from the Pope, (223-224). Chaucer then suggested, Therefore instead of weeping or prayer / One should give silver for a poor Friars care, (235-236). In lines 245-250, Chaucer described his relationship with barmaids and the nearby taverns. He wrote, For in so eminent as a man as he/ It was not fitting with the dignity/ Of his position. He embraced worldly living. Worldly living entirely contradicts the concept of being a friar. He rebuked those with a speck in their eye, ignoring the plank in his own (Matthew 7:3, The Treasure Study Bible 1326) . The stanzas continue recording all of the worldly activi ties in which he was involved. He abused his power, took advantage of the vulnerable, and participated in an immoral lifestyle. On the other hand for the first time in the entire prologue, the reader feels appreciation for one of the pilgrims. He was a holy-minded man, (487) who Chaucer declared truly knew Christs gospel and would preach it, (491). The Parson was diligent, humble, and led by following Gods Word himself. Chaucer never claimed such respectable things of the other twenty-eight pilgrims. This ideal pilgrim represented the hope for the Roman Catholic Church when everything else was falling apart. The genuine life of the Parson pointed out that not all of the church was in the wrong. The Parson represented the remaining purity. His lifestyle choices were almost directly opposite of the many other pilgrims. One notable difference was his extreme selflessness. Chaucer wrote, He much disliked extorting tithe or fee, unlike the Pardoner. He helped fellow Christians in need; he was just a call away (495-504).Chaucer was very clear about his standing with the Parson. I think there never was a better prie st. / He sought no pomp or glory in his dealing, / No scrupulosity had spiced his feelings./ Christ and His Twelve Apostles and their lore/ He taught, but followed it himself before, ( 534-536). True Christianity was certainly not prevalent in the message in The Canterbury Tales. Excluding the Parson, the majority of its characters contradicted the belief of purity and godliness. Chaucer saved the most extreme character descriptions for last; the Pardoner was one of the strongest examples of a corrupt religious character in The Canterbury Tales. The Pardoner sold relics of no value and of no significance to the gullible Christians by his convicting songs and sermons. John Wellford says, He is therefore a 14th century English version of the snake-oil salesman. He took advantage of the ignorant and deceived congregations into handing in hard-earned money for fake souvenirs. The most horrifying idea the Pardoner presented is the irony in his sermons and his lifestyle. He lived his life knowing right and doing wrong. The Pardoner was a man who led his life radically in contradiction to his supposed beliefs. The Pardoners moral in his tale was Radix malorum est cupiditas. The moral means Greed is the root of all evil, in Latin (Chaucer line 8, 142). His purpose in telling the tale was to reap the benefits of those simply wanting forgiveness and a relationship with God. The Pardoner wanted tangible benefits. He stated, But let me briefly make my purpose plain; I preach for nothing but for greed of gain, (41-42). Salvation of his listeners was completely insignificant to him (23). With the Pardoner, Chaucer provided a solid example of what the pilgrims should not be. Chaucers Canterbury Tales changed the way people viewed the Catholic Church. He chose to write a fictional story, yet his intentions are still clear. One cannot misconstrue a segment from The Canterbury Tales prologue. Chaucer wrote, For if a priest be foul in whom we trust / No wonder that a common man should rust; / And shame it is to see-let priests take stock-/ A soiled shepherd and a snowy flock. / The true example that a priest should give / Is one of cleanness, how the sheep should live, (511-515). Chaucer needed the common man to see the hypocrisy and double standards of the Roman Catholic Church in the thirteenth century. Conveniently, as history shows, reform was soon on its way (Collinson). Elton declared, The Church was full of weaknesses and abuses; reforms had been talked about for a very long time, (105). The Canterbury Tales assisted in preparation for what is known as The Reformation of the fourteenth century. The Roman Catholic Church was put on the spot, revealing the need for reform. The Canterbury Tales emphasized the realties of the Roman Catholic Church in Chaucers age. Chaucers piece of literature created quite the disruption in the typical view of accepting the church. He used the pilgrims traveling to Canterbury Cathedral to speak on the spiritual status of the nation and church. There was a very clear message of hypocrisy in the majority of the pilgrims who claim Christianity in the story. Looking from a Biblical perspective, their doctrine does not agree with their actions. The Canterbury Tales strengthened the desire for purity within the church.

Joseph Conrad and The Modern Age Essay -- Literary Analysis

The 20th Century stands out not merely as an age of growth or refinement, but one of absolute transcendent recreation. This new era, presenting the world with radical new ideas and invention, ushered in shocking changes and previously unheard of notions and theory over the views of man. This new phase of humanity brought about the conception and birth of Modernism. Joseph Conrad in particular rushed forward to slam a door on the Victorian Age and end the century of optimism, reproving the human race's ideologies on virtue and purity with the more skeptical realities of the bleakness of real human nature and the power of unfortunate circumstance. Conrad's novel Lord Jim cleaved into the supporting pillars raised by previous Victorian value and set a foundation for his notions of High Modernism; his characters and their reactions to irresolute situations, and even the situations themselves, present the absence of the divine and holy to take the skeptical stance that men, imperfect as they are, face an existential existence. Through his work Conrad unabashedly declares that human nature, in agreement with Robert Stevenson's concept for The Curious Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, is composed of a dual nature. Rather than focus on such grandiose descriptions of good and evil however, Conrad tackles a subtler and more base exploration of the human spirit. Jim as his prime example, Conrad makes to show that humanity "is an enigmatic paradox of strength and weakness" (Wester 3314). In the case of Jim, whose struggle is not the duality of good and evil so much as it is a question of the integrity of his character, a much more complicated war is fought in which he must face the perils of human weakness and walk a balanced line between â€Å"... ...hose who would visit into it. Works Cited Conrad, Joseph. Lord Jim. New York: Barnes & Noble Books, 2004. Print. Guerard, Albert J. â€Å"Conrad: The Novelist.† Twentieth-Century Literary Criticism. Ed. Sharon Hall. Vol. 6. Detroit: Gale Research Company. 1982. Print. Morf, Gustav. â€Å"The Polish Heritage of Joseph Conrad.† Twentieth-Century Literary Criticism. Ed. Laurie DeMauro. Vol. 43. Detroit: Gale Research Company. 1992. Print. Powys, T. F.. â€Å"Lord Jim.† Twentieth-Century Literary Criticism. Ed. Laurie DeMauro. Vol. 43. Detroit: Gale Research Company. 1992. Print. Sadoff, Ira. â€Å"Sartre and Conrad: Lord Jim as Existential Hero.† Twentieth-Century Literary Criticism. Ed. Laurie DeMauro. Vol. 43. Detroit: Gale Research Company. 1992. Print. Wester, Janet. â€Å"Lord Jim.† Masterplots. Ed. Laurence Mazzeno. Fourth ed. Vol. 6. Pasadena: Salem Press, 2011. Print.

High Prevalence Of Hiv Health And Social Care Essay

Social Determinants are status whereby economic, societal and wellness position depletes for a group of people who are born, turn, populate, work and age, in their state. The economic system of their state is shaped by the distribution of money, power and resources which influence the wellness position. These people are determiners of wellness who are casualty of wellness unfairnesss. Harmonizing to World Health Organisation an unequal distribution of health-damaging experiences is non in any sense a ‘natural ‘ phenomenon but is the consequence of a toxic combination of hapless societal policies, unjust economic agreements [ where the already well-off and healthy go even richer and the hapless who are already more likely to be sick go even poorer ] , and bad political relations. HIV is one of the universe ‘s taking infective slayers, claiming more than 25 million lives over the past three decennaries. Worldwide, immature adult females aged 15-24 old ages are 1.6 times every bit likely as immature work forces to be HIV positive. Harmonizing to UNAIDS, in Sub Saharan, South Africa, has high prevalence of HIV among immature adult females are estimated to be 3,300,000, which is the universe ‘s highest. Sub Saharan contains some of the universe ‘s poorest and politically unstable parts therefore HIV preponderantly strikes immature grownups, the societal and economic instability roots it ‘s manner toA HIVA epidemic. These societal inequalities are based on historical, cultural and structural factors which impeded the striplings to driving them to wellness jeopardies and striping them from wellness benefits. The conditions which may be affect wellness degrees forcing stripling into catching HIV in Sub Saharan is as follows,MarriageIn assorted part of Sub Saharan, the common pattern of immature miss matrimony is an increasing of import factor in HIV epidemic. Marriage immature misss know less about HIV, are less able negotiate method of protection from HIV than single immature misss. Young misss are married to older hubbies where age difference is broad. Most of the hubby carries the HIV virus because they work as a migratory workers.PovertyUnemployment, underemployment and ensuing to poverty continue to account for high incidence ofA HIV inA Sub Saharan. PovertyA is the norm as rich controls the wealth in Sub Saharan.A Economic endurance overrides the life determinations among the hapless. The ti e between poorness andA HIV has been broad. Due to poverty the get bying capacities of families of a immature married adult female are affected as they are impoverished. To pull off their household, immature adult females histories for hazardous behavioursA inA new societal environments, ensuing for an addition incidence of HIV.A To run into the increasing demands, some of these immature adult females may engageA inA transactional sexual activities either on occasion or as professional commercial sex workers, thereby advancing a barbarous sequenceA inA the spread of HIV. Young Women in Sub Saharan are particularly vulnerable to cultural beliefs and patterns as holding a relationship with adult male where sex is exchanged for stuff goods and protection from an older adult male and the belief that an septic adult male can bring around himself by holding sex with younger adult females.Gender InequalityPatriarchy Dependence of WomenThe impact of immature womenA inA patriarchal societies is relatively high in the spread ofA HIV. Young adult females ‘s limited ability to negociate safe sexA is a major obstruction in commanding the rate of the HIV widespread. Young adult females are 3-4 times more likely to be infected compared to their male opposite numbers. The male-dominant societies continues to determine adult females ‘s sexual behaviourA histories for the high prevalence of HIV in immature adult females. Since bulk of the societies are male-dominant, misss are cultured from really immature ages to play low-level functions. Girls are cultivated by household on a â€Å" hand-down † conditioning of adult females to uphold household honor and image. Therefore immature adult females are matrimony at their immature age. Young Women becomes susceptible to the HIV as a consequence of their limited powerA inA sexual brushs. It was noted that bulk of theA HIV positive adult females were really infected by their partners. Young adult females ‘s dependence on work forces made them vulnerable toA HIV. InA African societies, the production of kids is decided by work forces, immature adult females may be under force per unit area from their partners non merely to reproduce, but to besides accomplish a coveted figure of lasting kids. In Sub Saharan societies, adult females are lack in the power to deny sex to their partners even when they can demo cases of matrimonial infidelityA inA their relationship. An article in UNAIDS cited that it ‘s a believed that in Africa, the partners had a right to crush their married woman. Woman ‘ are obligated to hold sex with her partner on demand even if she was non interested. Even more current surveies continue to tie in confidant spouse force and high degrees of male controlA inA a adult female ‘s relationship withA HIVA seropositivity.Forced sexWomans who are victims of sexual force are at a higher hazard of being exposed to HIV, and the deficiency of rubber usage and forced nature of colza makes immature adult females more vul nerable to HIV infection. Forced sex and attendant scratchs facilitate entry of HIV.AUnemploymentA combination of inundations, drouth, hapless distribution system, failed administration, and increasing poorness to import nutrient has implicated scarceness inA the state. Unemployment rate additions. The HIV contagious disease contributes when adolescent/ immature adult females see nutrient shortage.A HIV resultsA when there ‘s inA less income and less capacity to react unemployment rate. A barbarous rhythm exists among hungriness, poorness andA HIV. When a hubby acquired AIDS, the family load falls on married woman. A immature adult female she needs to pull off household hungriness and malnutrition hence drive them to commercial sex workersOrphaned AdolescentVictims of AIDS orphaned stripling. Most of the universe ‘s AIDS orphaned adolescent resideA inA Sub Saharan. This could perchance resultA in a big figure of dysfunctional grownups. Adolescents are left to care for th eir younger siblingsA inA the absence of their parents. The force per unit area on stripling due to high mortality in the household, deepen poorness. InA the face of increasing demands, these adult females would probably engageA inA sexual activities and advancing the spread ofA HIV.AEducationSocioeconomic position and low literacy are major factors act uponing this result. Young adult females are lack educational chances and experience less concern about the hereafter Low literacy rates tend to halter adult females ‘s cognition about bar plans, .Entree to HealthcareYoung Women more likely to detain prosecuting wellness attention either because symptoms were non considered terrible, had disappeared or for deficiency of money. Even when adult females sought attention, they were more likely than their male opposite numbers to turn to public wellness attention installations where minimum attention is the norm. Therefore adult females are less likely to seek wellness attention inA wellness attention scenes compared to work forces.Cultural BeliefsMost Africans believeA inA the power of traditional therapists to bring around sick people. Reuse of unsterilised acerate leafs and cross taint with patients ‘ organic structure fluids were patterns among African traditional healers.This coupled with usage of one unsterilised instrument on several clientsA inA their patterns is a major factorA inA the spread ofA HIV. Due to moo socioeconomics and ignorance because of small or no instruction and limited resources to follow sterile techniques continue to underlie the patterns of these traditional therapists. With limited resources, immature adult females become most vulnerable to these risky alternate redresss. Plans: In sub-Saharan Africa, experience with young person HIV bar programmes is limited, with grounds sing effectivity still emerging. Recent tests of young person HIV bar intercessions have achieved assorted consequences. Three big community tests of comprehensive attacks to youth HIV bar, affecting schools and other cardinal establishments and stakeholders, have failed to significantly cut down HIV incidence in immature people, and have shown merely modest success in increasing protective behaviors [ 8-10 ] . However, two group-based intercessions in South Africa have shown promise in cut downing reported HIV-related hazard behaviors, and in one instance, associated biological results [ 11-13 ] . Both intercessions addressed HIV-related structural factors, or the societal influences underlying HIV hazard [ 14 ] , viz. gender-based force [ 11-13 ] and adult females ‘s poorness [ 12,13 ] . Together with limited consequences of several smaller, school-based intercessions, these result s have triggered argument about ‘which intercessions work ‘ [ 15 ] . The variable ‘economic activity ‘ categorized striplings into employed, unemployed and attending school. Adolescents who were in employment were considered as economically active, whereas those unemployed were classified as economically inactive, and were compared to striplings go toing school. Plans A surveies in both developed and developing states [ 2,5,7,16-19 ] suggest an of import function for school-based intercessions in increasing immature people ‘s cognition of gender, generative wellness, and HIV bar, with a bulk taking to decreases in reported hazard behaviors [ 5 ] . Reviews of school-based intercessions specific to sub-Saharan Africa have found greater intervention impact on HIV-related cognition procedure of intercession development, including formative research ; 2 ) cultural/linguistic version ; 3 ) usage of social/behavioural theory ; 4 ) how and where the intercession was delivered ( eg. schoolroom, community, after school, excess periods ) ; 5 ) who delivered the intercession ( eg. , peer pedagogues, instructors, trained facilitators ) ; 6 ) choice and support of cardinal messages ; 7 ) engagement of participants and/or broader community ; 8 ) focal point on societal context and hazard environments, every bit good as single hazard behaviors ; and 9 ) focal point on HIV causal tracts of relevancy to South African scene.PreventionPersons can cut down the hazard of HIV infection by restricting exposure to hazard factors. Key attacks for HIV bar include:1. Condom usageCorrect and consistent usage of male and female rubbers during vaginal or anal incursion can protect against the spread of sexually transmitted infections, including HIV. Evidence shows that male latex rubbers have an 85 % or greater protective consequence against the sexual transmittal of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections ( STIs ) .2. Testing and reding for HIV and STIsTesting for HIV and other STIs is strongly advised for all people exposed to any of the hazard factors so that they can larn of their ain infection position and entree necessary bar and intervention services without hold.3. Pre-exposure prophylaxis ( PrEP ) for HIV-negative spouseTests among serodiscordant twosomes have demonstrated that antiretroviral drugs taken by the HIV-negative spouse can be effectual in forestalling acquisition from the HIV-positive spouse. This is known as pre-exposure prophylaxis ( PrEP ) . WHO is urging that states implement presentation undertakings on PrEP for serodiscordant twosomes and work forces and transgender adult females who have sex with work forces.4. Post-exposure prophylaxis for HIV ( PEP )Post-exposure prophylaxis ( PEP ) is the usage of ARV drugs within 72 hours of exposure to HIV in order to forestall infection. PEP is frequently recommended for wellness attention workers following needle stick hurts in the workplace. PEP includes guidance, foremost assistance attention, HIV testing, and depending on hazard degree, administrating of a 28-day class of antiretroviral drugs with follow-up attention.5. Male CircumcisionMale Circumcision when safely provided by well-trained wellness professionals reduces the hazard of heterosexually acquired HIV infection in work forces by about 60 % . This is a cardinal intercession in generalised epidemics with high HIV prevalence and low male Circumcision rates.6. Elimination of mother-to-child transmittal of HIV ( eMTCT )The transmittal of HIV from an HIV-positive female parent to her kid during gestation, labor, bringing or breastfeeding is called perpendicular or mother-to-child transmittal ( MTCT ) . In the absence of any intercessions transmittal rates are between 15-45 % . MTCT can be to the full prevented if both the female parent and the kid are provided with antiretroviral drugs throughout the phases when infection could happen. WHO is presently reexamining the advantages of offering all HIV-positive pregnant adult females ARVs, irrespective of their CD4 count, and maintaining them on it for life.7. ArtA new test has confirmed if an HIV-positive individual adheres to an effectual antiretroviral therapy regimen, the hazard of conveying the virus to their clean sexual spouse can be reduced by 96 % . For twosomes in which one spouse is HIV-positive and the other HIV-negative, WHO recommends ART for the HIV-positive spouse regardless of her/his immune position.8. Harm decrease for shooting drug usersPeoples who inject drugs can take safeguards against going infected with HIV by utilizing unfertile shooting equipment, including acerate leafs and panpipes, for each injection. A comprehensive bundle of HIV bar and intervention, peculiarly opioid permutation therapy for drug users includes drug dependance intervention, HIV proving and reding, HIV intervention and attention, and entree to condoms and direction of STI s, TB and viral hepatitis.WHO responseorphanage with age, wealth quintiles, self-perceived fiscal position, instruction attainment, schooling position, economic activity and topographic point of residency.A Participants identified unemployment/poverty, migratory labour, limited educational chances, limited political will, limited entree to rubbers, the low position of adult females, the slow reaction of the international community and other sociocultural correlatesA in HIV/ AIDS epidemiologyA inA that state. Uganda'sA HIVA infection rate has plummeted from 30 per centum to 5 percentA inA somewhat more than a decennary because of an effectiveA HIV/AIDS educational intercession plan. â€Å" Uganda'sA HIV-fighting mantra is referred to as ABC: Abstain, Be faithful or Use rubber. The authorities launched a monolithic run on wireless, telecasting, andA innewspapers to promote people to acquire tested and to follow the ABC ‘s † ( Wax, 2003 ) . An of import lesson here is that Uganda recognized from the oncoming the socioeconomic conditions among the Ugandan people that fueled the behaviour. The Ugandan leading sought to turn to these conditions before advancing the so called â€Å" A, B, C â€Å" scheme. For illustration, immature people are more likely to abstain from sex if redirected with other socioeconomic inducements such as educational chances. Women ( particularly individual caputs of families ) are likely to be faithful if provided with socioeconomic chances that addres s their basic demands. Equally true is the committedness to utilize rubbers with increased ( free ) entree to them. Similar authorities runs againstA HIV/ AIDSA inA Thailand and Zambia are giving positive consequences. As Fassin and Schneider note, These illustrations present obliging grounds that sustained educational and other socioeconomic inducements ( instead than victim faulting ) are effectual toolsA inA the war againstHIV/ AIDSA in sub-SaharanA Africa. . Many womenA inA the part are less likely to profit from anti -HIV/ AIDS runs channeled through the print media. Men largely ain wirelesss and telecastings. WomenA inrural scenes are worse offA inA this respect ( De Bruyn, 1992 ) . Womans are more likely to detain seeking wellness attention either because symptoms were non considered terrible, had disappeared or for deficiency of money. Even when adult females sought attention, they were more likely than their male opposite numbers to turn to public wellness attention installations where fringy attention is the norm ( Voeten, 2004 ) . Equally more distressing is adult females ‘s susceptibleness to the strong belief systemA inA African societies. Most Africans believeA inA the power of traditional therapists to do people ill or good. This is manifestA inA the high backing ofsub-SaharanA Africans to traditional therapists. A survey of traditional therapists ‘ patterns and the spread of HTV/ AIDSinA southeasterly Nigeria revealed a distressing HTV transmittal hazard among these therapists. Reuse of unsterilised acerate leafs and cross taint with patients ‘ organic structure fluids were patterns among Nigerian traditional therapists of greatest public wellness concern. Sixty per centum of Nigerians patronize traditional therapists ( Peters, 2004 ) . The power of suggestion by traditional therapists to their frequenters frequently delays prompt appropriate medical intercession. This coupled with usage of one unsterilised instrument on several clientsA inA their patterns is a major factorA inA the spre ad ofA HIV/ AIDSA in sub-SaharanA Africa. Although these patterns fall within the behavioural sphere, they are predicated on low socioeconomics. Ignorance because of small or no instruction and limited resources to follow sterile techniques continue to underlie the patterns of these traditional therapists. With limited resources, adult females become most vulnerable to these risky alternate redresss. The above are yet extra illustrations of hazardous behaviours rooted inA socioeconomics. that faced with the inexorable statistics about high morbidity and mortality rates of their female couples ( from AIDS ) A inA the part and the deduction for quality of life of both genders, African males will see the demand to embarkA inA some behavior change.A InA the same vena, other traditional patterns such as female venereal mutilations, forced matrimonies, early gestations, and multiparity which compromise the quality of life for adult females and immature girlsA inA the part must be addressed. Of the several factors implicatedA inA the unequal prevalence of the disease among womenA inA Africa, economic dependency/feminization of poorness, unequal distribution of sexual power ( sexual force and coercion ) , limited educational chances and deficiency of political will, The relationship between patriarchate and economic power must be evaluatedA inA order to understand adult females ‘s increased sensitivity toA HIV/ AIDSA in sub-SaharanA Africa. InA those states where there is political will and sustained leading at the highest degree, the result has been an increaseA inA consciousness and sensitiveness to the predicament of the afflicted finally accounting for a important declineA inA the incidence of the disease.

Ambition for Success Essays

Ambition for Success Essays Ambition for Success Essay Ambition for Success Essay We all wanted to be successful in whatever we do, whether it is in education, in working, or in our everyday living. But what is it that drives every man to succeed or to pursue success? I believe that ambition plays a very important role in pursuing and achieving success. It is an admirable quality for a person to possess. An anonymous person once said that a heightened sense of ambition gives a person the strength to tear down the obstacles and keep on towards the goal. Even the author Peter Verinder admits that ambition is part of the human condition. More often, ambition lets us choose between our priorities to achieve our dreams. Because of ambition, people love their work and their actions reflect that. Examples of the people who succeeded because of ambition were Jack Welch, Cyrus McCormick, James J. Hill and John D. Rockefeller. Jack Welch, who works for GE, had a â€Å"million-dollar† ambition during high school and he exceeded it. Cyrus McCormick, on the other hand, ambitioned to be a millionaire. He became one when he was 57. Jack Hill was the builder of the Great Northern Railroad, and he set his financial goal during his 20s. John Rockefeller wanted to be worth $100,000 someday. When he grew up, he was worth 10,000 times that much. See what ambition can do to a person? Ambition comes from desiring to do great and to explore other things that we can do. As Brim says, â€Å"†¦we want action and growth†¦we want to be challenged. We want to shape, form, and build our own lives.† We continue to live everyday and face the many challenges that come with our endeavors. People need more of these challenges to be able to â€Å"test their powers† and therefore see more into their hidden skills and capabilities. However, ambition alone will not work. It needs action. Jack Hill wouldn’t have become a millionaire if he just sat in his corner all day. He wouldn’t be known for the Great Northern Railroad if he didn’t put in work. Corrigan (1999) says that ambition leads to action. In the corporate world, a person may exert effort to achieve personal recognition, power, or bigger salary. Or he may want to be ambitious to make the company more progressive. Corrigan also adds that ambition drives a person to change and develop within an organization. The employees in the lower level also want to improve their position, that’s why they put the values of the organization to their heart. As a whole, the organization relies upon individual ambition to achieve success. When we aspire for something, we also think of the better ways how we can achieve them. We consider the people around us, the circumstances, ourselves. This never happens when it comes to luck. More often than not, luck does not happen to all successful or unsuccessful people at all times, just like in Helzberg`s situation. We do not anticipate luck because we cannot tell when it befalls us, therefore we do not work harder just to be worthy of that. On the other hand, the case of envy is different. Mild envy could result to something more serious because a person is not content with what he has and still wanted something that other people have or own. I think that envious people do not have a healthy outlook in life.   Envy makes you resent that person who has the top position, the money, the great house, and the many opportunities. You become more frustrated with your job and your accomplishments because you compare them with others’. A person pursuing success needs to focus on what can be improved. And as Warren Harding says, â€Å"Ambition is a commendable attribute, without which no man succeeds. Only inconsiderate ambition imperils.† REFERENCES Corrigan, Paul. Shakespeare on Management: Leadership Lessons for Today’s Managers. London: Dover, N.H. Kogan Page, 1999. Krieger, Richard Alan. Civilization’s Quotations: Life’s Ideal. New York: Algora Publishing, 2002. Locke, Edwin A. The Prime Movers: Traits of the Great Wealth Creators. New York, AMACOM Books, 2000.

Football at Slack Essay Example

Football at Slack Essay Example Football at Slack Essay Football at Slack Essay As the train approaches its destination, the poem gains momentum as though possessed of some new energy, then suddenly slows down. The philosophical discourse slackens too, as Larkin can no longer sustain the intensity of his superior knowledge that extends far beyond the superficiality of socially constructed rituals. He relinquishes the awareness that the journey was merely a frail / Travelling coincidence: the experience now inhabits the past, and Larkin releases his hold on it, leaving him free to pursue the fertile possibilities of the future. Larkin has taken us on a journey through more than simply space and time: it has been a journey through experience and knowledge. It has revealed and observed the substance of Englishness: its landscape and the people who inhabit it. The gentle closing lines of the poem: there swelled A sense of falling, like an arrow-shower Sent out of sight, somewhere becoming rain is an optimistic release of the true meaning of life that can never be fully sustained, or indeed realised, by most Englanders. In the poetry which makes up The Whitsun Weddings, Larkin presents the reader with a simple and uncomplicated depiction of the matter of England, through which it is easy to perceive what is the matter with England. Ted Hughes has an altogether different attitude towards the matter of England, and indeed towards poetry itself. There are few overt references to the English nation in his New Selected Poems 1957-1994, primarily because Hughes does not deem the rational division of the earth into separate states to be of any real importance. : To him landscapes, animalistic forces and the scope of nature are not contingent upon the demarcation of a particular region they are equally in existence the world over. However, certain landscapes in his verse can be identified geographically, and many of these are of England, or at least an England of the past. For example, Remains of Elmet is a series of poems which has as its backdrop the last Celtic kingdom; within this geography Hughes brings together history and the activity of contemporary life to create a mythic effect. England is depicted through the portrayal of the whole of western civilisation. The sentiments contained in Hughes poetry apply to England because it has been shaped by the same processes as western culture, and both are now in the grip of a spiritual and natural paralysis. Hughes harbours a powerful contempt for western civilisation because its values and attitudes have impeded the operation of mans natural energy. 4 He conceives of civilisation as a cage from which man must break free and rediscover basic instincts. Thus the role of contemporary society is negated, and the logical rationalism of modernity is denied, in favour of the evocation of primitive but unrecognised natural forces at work in man and his environment. Hughes sees that being disconnected from this inner [primeval] world, life becomes empty, meaningless, sterile. 5, so he uses poetry as a means to discover this life by giving voice to the figure beneath the mask of civilisation. Social history becomes translated into a natural history by Hughes poetry: in October Dawn for example, the social is related to the evolution of the landscape. 6 October Dawn sets a precarious civilisation against the puissant force of nature, a battle which civilisation inevitably loses. This poem emphasises that western culture is subject to the benevolence of the earth, and can be reclaimed at any point. So A glass half full of wine is left out / To the dark heaven all night like an offering to placate some primeval god. Yet the insubstantial wine glass, an emblem of civilisation, is doomed as natural forces begin to conquer all things man-made: Ice/ Has got its spearhead into place. The delicacy soon gives way to something more forceful, which is reflected by the elemental and energetic diction: a fist of cold / Squeezes the fire at the core of the world. Such is the unbridled power of nature that it has eliminated the civilised man and all evidence of his existence, and reinstated the Mammoth and Sabre-tooth, but has only just begun its domination. The potential of the landscape is immense: And now it is about to start. Football at Slack appears in Remains of Elmet, a collection that focuses on a real world inhabited by real people as opposed to the mythopoeic world of Crow, for example. Here, the human and the elemental interact in an exhilarating celebration of vitality. But significantly the human activity of football, a game that occupies an increasingly central role in the culture of England, is contained within the bounds of the landscape: Between plunging valleys, on a bareback of hill. The football game is recounted in a gently mocking tone; the football players take on an absurd quality, and become almost clown-like figures: Men in bunting colours / Bounced, and The rubbery men bounced after it. There is something incongruous about the whole activity men flailing around in the landscape, chasing a ball while the enduring hillside looks on. As always, nature exercises control over the activities of man: The ball jumped up and out and hung on the wind / Over a gulf of treetops. Nature exerts its powers on the men, as though in teasing; for although: the rain lowered a steel press leaving the players practically submerged, they remain: washed and happy. Man interacts with the landscape, and there is the connotation that the landscape watches the match and is entertained by it. Hughes identifies in this football game a vestige of mans natural energy. Yet although in this instance the natural and the social operate side by side in a complicit agreement, Football at Slack carries the suggestion that the hillside could at any time unleash its power on the comical figures: a golden holocaust / Lifted the clouds edge. A bleak, physical landscape once again has supremacy over humankind, and primitive energies possess the advantage over the peculiarities of western civilisation. An awareness of the carnal mentality shared by animals and humans alike is basic to Ted Hughes. 7 The impulse to get back to a new and more vital life principle is ever present in his poetry -he strips humanity down to a bare animal in order to attempt a reconciliation with a consciousness that has insisted on the alienation from the inner life. The Long Tunnel Ceiling is a drama of consciousness, and illustrates the way in which the observation of animals, as representative of the true order of nature, provides the stimulus for the re-acquaintance with our true selves. In The Long Tunnel Ceiling, the sight of a trout in a canal marks a departure from the mundaneness of modern life, and the verse that contains it. The fish takes on the persona of a natural god, a: Master of the Pennine Pass, and in that capacity is exalted, indeed almost worshipped, by Hughes. The sighting of the: Molten pig of many a bronze loach triggers in the poet an imaginative flight into a mystical, natural landscape a flight on which he is accompanied by the reader: Brought down on a midnight cloudburst In a shake-up of heaven and the hills When the streams burst with zig-zags and explosions. An encounter with a single, inert fish initiates a mental and spiritual departure from the heedless bustle of modern life, with its: Lorries from Bradford [and] Rochdale that pass insistently overhead. The animal is accepted as a desirable and precious aspect of the self; against this knowledge, the industrial society that surrounds the poet and the trout fails to possess any meaning. We are left with an awareness of a wild god that flowers like a symbol of hope and sustenance amid the relentless passage of modern life. Her Husband is one of the few poems by Hughes to possess a socially oriented view. A precarious social hierarchy, with males assuming a higher status because they know: The stubborn character of money, is portrayed. The existence of humans and their ultimately insignificant social structures are sustained through the violation of the landscape. Thus civilisation is supported and underpinned by nature. Yet the poem suggests that the physical earth will revenge its desecration at the hands of ruthless humanity: Their jurors are to be assembled / From the little crumbs of soot. The transience and superficiality of western culture is contrasted with the enduring and far superior presence of the landscape and its fossil fuels: Their brief / Goes straight up to heaven and nothing more is heard of it. The farcical notion of the rights of humanity is burnt away as effortlessly as the coal. Hughes portrays basic natural forces with a language of energy and vigour, and in doing so creates a mythic dimension. The poetry of Ted Hughes is neither social commentary nor a straight-forward description of the geography of England. It condemns the whole of western culture, of which England is a part, for distancing itself and its people from the strong primitive urges that comprise the inner self. His aim is to: reconnect our own natural energies with those in the external, natural world8 through the medium of poetry. Both Philip Larkin and Ted Hughes both examine the matter of England, and expose its flaws. But their attitudes towards and treatment of this England differ radically. The term English poets seeks to unite the two perspectives of two poets that remain essentially irreconcilable.

PROJECT MANAGEMENT Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

PROJECT MANAGEMENT - Essay Example ontingency to accommodate the risk of incurring unidentifiable but normally occurring costs within the defined scope† (â€Å"What is Cost Baseline,† n.d.). This is referred to as a â€Å"financial plan prepared for every major expense category, such as administrative cost, financing cost, production cost† ( â€Å"Cost Budget†; â€Å"Budget,† n.d.). It essentially contains the list of all planned and expected revenues and expenses which is defined by Sullivan & Sheffrin (2004) as the â€Å"plan for saving and spending.† This is considered as one of the vital plans to be taken up before starting to operate a business because this report helps in the proper allocation of resources, â€Å"evaluates performance and formulates plans† (Ward, n.d.). Cash flow report is also called as the statement of cash flows or funds flow statement (Helfert, 2001). Previous accountants termed this as the flow of funds statement (Bodie, Kane & Marcus, 2004). This report mainly tackles on the change of cash all throughout a business year. The change of cash involves three major categories; operating cash flow, investing cash flow, and financing cash flow (Comiskey & Mulford, 2000). It is further defined by Erich Helfert (2001) as the â€Å"financial statement that shows how changes in balance sheet accounts and income affect cash and cash equivalents, and breaks the analysis down to operating, investing, and financing activities.† This report has been employed by companies because â€Å"it eliminates allocations which might be derived from different accounting methods, such as various timeframes for depreciating fixed assets† (Epstein & Jermakowicz, 2008). This report is usually used by companies to determine â€Å"the costs of multiple resources for all periods during which the resources are available between a specified start and end time† (â€Å"Resource Costs Summary Analysis,† n.d.). It is quite helpful to minimize certain unnecessary expenditures and to find out practical and long-term

Government Accounting and Reporting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Government Accounting and Reporting - Essay Example The major features of government reporting are the summarized plans and programs, fiscal and economic policies capsulated in facts and figures. A government wide reporting is a reporting method that brings together the three types of government activities, such as governmental, business-type and other detached units. Each entity is required to report the activity in economic terms, describing the â€Å"flow of economic resources† that measures its impact, and follows the accrual basis of accounting (Klashy and Williams, 2000). Further, the report is historical since the report is compared with previous year’s performance to identify the financial and performance position of the entity. The Comprehensive Annual Financial Report (CAFR) of Davis School District in Utah has the same accounting reporting procedure; however, the state requires the School District to publish their report within five months of the close of each fiscal year in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, which also required to present a report of financial activities to parents, taxpayers and citizen (Roberts, 2008). Furthermore, as differentiated from regular public accounting, Roberts (2008) said that the reason of preparing separate financial statements is to â€Å"support state or federal applications and a financial statement for use in an official statement for bond issuance purposes†. The school is supported by the County through the proceeds from bonds. The CAFR report of Davis School District is divided into three segments (Roberts, 2008): 1) Introduction of the report - Illustrates the description of the report including the transmittal letter, the lists of elected board and directors, the chart of the School District organizations, the model of the School District for its education, and excellence certificate of financial reporting. 2) Financial Report Section – This section is

National Healthcare Insurance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

National Healthcare Insurance - Essay Example John Stuart Mill conception of liberty correlates liberty of discussion and thought, individuality as an element of well-being, and limits to societal authority over individuals. Mill develops harm theory by establishing a principle, which isolates an area within which individuals are free from interference in developing their individuality through experiments and free choices in their livelihoods. Mill emphasis the point that individual liberty is by right absolute with concern on matters regarded as harmless to other people and that individual enjoys absolute liberty of choice among purely self-regarding acts. Mill’s concept of liberty revolves around the idea that liberty is essential in ensuring subsequent progress of the society and the individual, especially in the case where the society is more important than the state. This scenario is only possible in circumstances where the rulers only represent the interests of the ruled, or a perfect representative democracy withou t any opposition between the ruler and the ruled (McKenna and Feingold 61). In such a surrounding, the liberty of an individual is attainable, but not guaranteed. Mill’s concept of liberty digs into moral theories, highlighting the happiness of the individual as the only important thing. Such happiness is only achievable in a civilized society where people freely engage in their own interests, with their skills and capabilities developed through a good education system. In this regard therefore, Mill advocates for the fundamental importance of individuality and personal development, both for the development of the society and the individual for progress in the future. Michael Walzer’s theory of distributive justice presents a pluralistic and particularistic approach to equality. He argues that the principles of a society should follow the historical and cultural setting of that society, that is, universal principles of justice does not exist, that distribution of diffe rent social goods should follow different principles, and that these different principles display different meanings of social goods that are products of cultural and historical particularistic approach. Walzer further argues that each social good constitutes its own distributive sphere, with every sphere being autonomous. This is to say that social goods from one sphere should not intrude another sphere. Walzer’s major concern on progression to complex equality emphasizes on dominance in a particular sphere of justice and not (principally) on the basis of the monopoly in that given sphere. Walzer’s arrangement of human affairs in establishing equality imposes the condition that the distribution of a social good in one sphere must not lead to conversion of that particular social good into another sphere. An example is the possession of power in the political sphere, which for the purpose of equality, should not enable the politician to convert the power to wealth, whic h is in a different sphere. As long as the conversion is impossible, equality is achievable despite the distribution of a social good in any one sphere (McKenna and Feingold 132). Walzer views the human society as a distributive community where the multiplicity of goods meets the multiplicity of distributive processes and procedures. Therefore, to create a just distributive procedure or principle requires complex equality rather than simple equality. This forms what he calls a complex egalitarian society. The reduction of dominance has preference over the breakdown of monopoly in his concept. His critique on